refactor(colors): clean up Closure / JSDoc comments and types

[Splaktar]

PR Checklist

Please check that your PR fulfills the following requirements:

• The commit message follows our guidelines
• Tests for the changes have been added or this is not a bug fix / enhancement
• Docs have been added, updated, or were not required

PR Type

What kind of change does this PR introduce?

[ ] Bugfix
[ ] Enhancement
[ ] Documentation content changes
[ ] Code style update (formatting, local variables)
[x] Refactoring (no functional changes, no api changes)
[ ] Build related changes
[ ] CI related changes
[ ] Infrastructure changes
[ ] Other... Please describe:

What is the current behavior?

The Closure types / JSDoc in md-colors and util/colors is very inconsistent and/or missing. There are quite a few typos.

Issue Number:
Relates to #11673

What is the new behavior?

• Clean up typos.
• The Closure types / JSDoc in md-colors and util/colors are much more helpful and organized.

Does this PR introduce a breaking change?

[ ] Yes
[x] No

Other information